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Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur, popularly known as "Babur", meaning lion, was the founder of Mughal Empire in India. He was born in Farghana, now in Uzbekistan, on February 14, 1483. The Mughal Empire founded by him lasted for 331 years.
Babur was a descendant of Timur on his father's side and of Chengez Khan on his mother's side. When Babur's father Umar Sheikh Mirza died in 1494, he inherited the ancestral kingdom of Farghana. He was only 14 years old at that time. Babur faced many hardships during this period of his life. He was driven out of his father's state and for two years became a wanderer. In 1504, he came to Afghanistan and occupied Kabul. Here he assumed the title of Padshah. |
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Babur Main Battle
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Babur as a PersonBabur was an able general with gifted military powers. His powerful artillery and skillful cavalry won him success in India. He did not believe in ruthless massacres. He was very kind-hearted, a firm believer in God, and a very affectionate father. Babur was a gifted writer and poet. His memoirs Tuzuk-e-Baburi are well-known. They reveal that Babur was a lover of nature and a man of refined taste. His memoirs hold a very high place in the history of human literature. They were translated into Persian in the times of Akbar in 1590, into English in 1826 and into French in 1871. |
Babur's four years in HindustanBabur's early death prevented him from organising his empire. There was no uniformity in administration of the conquered territories by Babur. There was no time for Babur to enact new laws. He spent much of his wealth in offering presents and gifts to his followers. Though Babur left nothing to say about his rule, he plays an important role in the Indian history as he was the first architect to lay the foundation stone of Mughal empire in India.
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